![]() ![]() ![]() Amino Acids and Peptide BondsĪn amino acid is an organic molecule in which a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group (–COOH), and an amino group (–NH 2) are all bonded to the same carbon atom, the so-called α carbon. The molecules derived from amino acids can function as structural components of cells and subcellular entities, as sources of nutrients, as atom- and energy-storage reservoirs, and as functional species such as hormones, enzymes, receptors, and transport molecules. These compounds are capable of bonding together in essentially any number, yielding molecules of essentially any size that possess a wide array of physical and chemical properties and perform numerous functions vital to all organisms. Summarize the unique characteristics of proteinsĪt the beginning of this chapter, a famous experiment was described in which scientists synthesized amino acids under conditions simulating those present on earth long before the evolution of life as we know it. ![]() Describe the chemical structures of proteins.Describe the fundamental structure of an amino acid. ![]()
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